How to Make Semiconductors Chemistry

How to Make Semiconductors ChemistryAs the name suggests, semiconductors are things that are made up of a semiconductor. These are semiconductors, which consist of a set of atoms in a certain arrangement. For example, the atoms in carbon are arranged in a certain way that is referred to as palladium, tantalum, selenium, indium and gallium.Basically they can be found in plants and animals and by looking at these systems, it is quite obvious that these are chemicals that pass through the nerves of the central nervous system. These semiconductors create the signals which make it possible for a person to move, think, feel and live.This is the reason why a semiconductor is such a valuable and complex chemical. The scientists who study this chemical need to pay close attention to its properties and their applications because otherwise they may not be able to use it effectively.The semiconductor technology has become so vital and important that it has entered the society of high-tech and it is no longer just an element of science fiction. So when you research on the Internet on how to make semiconductors chemistry, you will find many resources that will help you make your own semiconductors.For this, you will have to first have the fundamental knowledge about semiconductors chemistry. The most basic knowledge is that a semiconductor is formed out of atoms that have been electrically charged to such an extent that they are pushed together and hold each other firmly.This basic idea is very important because it is one of the things which explains the entire semiconductor industry. This is also the reason why it is vital to study this chemical at school and know about its properties before you get involved in any semiconductor production.The next thing you need to know about semiconductors chemistry is that semiconductors are used to create transistors. This is because semiconductors are also known as semiconductor switches because they are the key component of electronic circuits that use them to carry information through electrical signals.

Rounding Word Problems

Rounding Word Problems Rounding numbers coverts large numbers and decimal numbers to simpler forms which are then useful to solve or express in a given question. This concept is commonly used in many word problem and different calculations. Rounding to the tenths place is rounding of a decimal number to the nearest one decimal space. Rounding to the hundredths place is rounding a decimal number to the nearest two decimal spaces. Rounding to the thousandths place is rounding a decimal number to the nearest three decimal spaces and so on. Example 1: The price of each book is $ 15.78. If the shopkeeper sold 13 copies. Find the total money earned by the shopkeeper. Solution: Price of each book = $ 15.78. Number of copies sold by the shopkeeper = 13. The money earned by the shopkeeper = 13 * 15.78 = $ 205.14. Rounding the decimal number to the nearest whole number. Hence the money earned by the shopkeeper = $ 205. Example 2: There are 15 children in the class. 7 of them buy cupcakes and the remaining buy cookies. Each cookie costs $ 1.89 and cupcake costs $2.24. How much did the class spend (round to a whole number)? Solution: Price of each cookie = $ 1.89. Price of each cupcake = $ 2.24. Number of students brought cupcakes = 7 Number of students brought cookies = 8. Amount spent on cupcakes = 7 * 1.89 = $ 13.23 Amount spent on cookies = 8 * 2.24= $ 17.92 The total amount spent = $ 31.15 (Rounding the decimal) Hence, total amount spent = $ 31.

Confidence and Math Performance Equals Success in the Classroom and Beyond - Heart Math Tutoring

Confidence and Math Performance Equals Success in the Classroom and Beyond - Heart Math Tutoring Confidence and Math Performance Equals Success in the Classroom and Beyond Confidence and Math Performance Equals Success in the Classroom and Beyond March 29, 2016 By Emily Elliott, Executive Director of Heart Math Tutoring Our tutors move the dial on students’ success in math. Half of their role is to deliver the math curriculum, and half is to be a positive influence. In our program, we measure students’ growth in math skills and academic confidence and/or enthusiasm. This article from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) suggests the two are connected. According to PISA, students’ belief that they can solve math problems (mathematics “self-efficacy”) is associated with a difference in math skills and the difference is equivalent to a full year of schooling. Factors impacting self-efficacy (and math performance) are: How often students encountered similar tasks Parents holding ambitious expectations (For example, the belief that the student is going to college impacts student math self-efficacy and thus math performance.) Furthermore, economically disadvantaged students are typically less confident in their ability to solve mathematics problems, even when comparing students who have similar math abilities. According to PISA, “Schools and families can help students to develop a mastery of mathematics by exposing them to a variety of mathematics problems while providing encouragement and support as they work to solve them.” Our tutors expose students to math tasks that push students’ understanding, while acting as cheerleaders, patiently waiting for the student to discover a solution. Each Heart student begins to believe that math makes sense, and that he/she is able to figure it out. Through our program, 91% of teachers saw an increase in students’ confidence towards math. In addition, 96% of our tutors believe they had a positive influence on students’ confidence about and understanding of math. Math games and activities from Heart’s curriculum can be reinforced at home. By inviting parents to be volunteers, attending school-wide curriculum nights, and hosting parent education events, we create opportunities to for parents to be involved and to provide encouragement for their children. It takes a strong team to work towards success for the children Heart serves. From our staff, volunteer tutors, school administrators and teachers to parents and funding partners, together we are helping kids develop a strong foundation for math and enthusiasm for academics to ensure long-term success.

The Underestimated Power of Practice

The Underestimated Power of Practice Improving Academic Performance We have all come across genius, people who are exceptional, admirable, and undeniably perfect. Some have graced our history books and televisions many times over (Einstein, Mozart, Jordan), while others are our neighbors or friends who are just awesome at something - imagine that girl or boy wonder in your AP Physics or English class that seems to immediately understand absolutely everything the teacher says and ace every test. But we may be looking at them and ourselves the entirely wrong way. What if what it took to become an expert or a genius was a different kind of work (hard work done smartly) for many hours behind the scenes that we just don’t see? What if the only thing stopping us from being great is a misunderstanding of the nature of intelligence, talent, and performance? What if even in highly academic disciplines, it wasn’t IQ or natural ability that explained “genius?” There is an idea, a new but highly researched and supported idea, discussed in a variety of books on talent and intelligence, that it is not natural talent and ability, but a specific time of practice, that explains how people become experts and geniuses. There are two bestselling books on this topic that have greatly influenced this article: Talent Is Overrated by Geoff Colvin and The Talent Code by Daniel Coyle Both sources strive to change the public’s view of world-class talents versus themselves. We’re not all that fundamentally different. Some of us just work really hard, in a really specific way, at improving our skills. We won’t go into the details in this article, but the research supporting these points shows that the right type of practice literally builds a substance in our brains that is positively correlated with being good at something, and which has been shown to increase over time with practice. This is revolutionary stuff. Let’s look at a few examples before we delve into the idea that genetics isn’t the only thing that plays into genius â€" especially when evaluating it in the context of standardized test taking and generally performing well in school. Skinny and much shorter than he is now, Michael Jordan didn’t make the varsity team his sophomore year of high school. Right before his junior year, he grew to NBA height and was quickly on his way to stardom. But what else happened in that year? Did he embark on a career filled with hours of dedicated practice, drills, and exercises? Definitely. But that’s not the only story. Perhaps inspired by not making that varsity team, he practiced in an incredibly focused way - striving to perfect his shooting form, improve his moves, and become more explosive. He didn’t just practice a lot, he practiced the right way. Michael Jordan once said, and I’m paraphrasing, if you take 1,000 shots with imperfect form, you’ll become very good at shooting the wrong way. He intuitively understood that the right type of practice involves focusing on getting the fundamentals exactly right, going slow, getting input from experts, identifying errors, understanding them, and fixing them immediately, and more. You’ve heard of Mozart, the creative genius that defined classical and romantic period music composition? We all have. What you may not have heard of is his early beginnings as a musician. He was born into a family well versed in music and was writing pieces with help from his parents at the tender age of 5. By the time he was in his teenage years, he was creating masterpieces. But, along the way, he composed some pretty average, or below average, pieces of music. To be creating works of “genius” in your teenage years is still extraordinary, of course. But when you take into account the fact that he had had daily instruction and practice in the art of composition from the day he could walk, it is a much different story than the miraculous pre-teen that writes world class music. Lady Gaga was denied countless times by record companies and agents before she landed her first radio debut. Award-winning actors struggle for years without any recognition. Steve Jobs’s first computer making venture was a disaster. Even consider your own high school valedictorian or AP Physics prodigy. These people may have genes which, if you could identify whatever genes lead to our best notion of intelligence, are set up well. But, that doesn’t really do anyone any good without lots of the right type of practice. But what made them great was practice, and practice done the most effective way. It’s a term called ‘deep practice’, hard work done in a focused and inspired manner that makes all the difference. That’s what Michael Jordan, Mozart, and Lady Gaga are doing when they practice. Take high school or college level math as an example. A student won’t gain much from doing every problem again and again and then reviewing the answers. The student must learn to do the problems correctly. If you actively embrace your mistakes, think about them, and learn from them you will get the most information and growth out of them in order to make positive progress. What does this mean, exactly? It means do a few problems. Stop. Check the answer. If you got something wrong, identify why. Try the problem again. Then move on. This is also true when preparing for standardized tests. ‘Deep practice’ will inevitably improve performance. Although it may seem easier said than done, it is possible with constant attention to observing mistakes and evaluating how they happened and how to fix them. The very worst thing you can do is ignore mistakes and call them “silly” â€" as we so often like to do - and forge onto the next math problem. The next time you’re sitting in AP Physics, Organic Chemistry, 18th Century Literature, or trying to improve your GMAT score, and you’re eyeing the gifted student in class with envy, realize that it probably took countless hours of focused practice and revision to get to where they are. It looks easy for him or her, but it probably isn’t. You don’t often see the blood, sweat, and tears that go into making a “genius.” But that doesn’t mean that it doesn’t exist or that it didn’t happen. Chances are, with hours of ‘deep practice’, studying done the right way and with the right attitude, you can become just as brilliant as the valedictorian.

2015 October Language Challengers- Make a Public Video Pledge and earn 50 ITC!

2015 October Language Challengers- Make a Public Video Pledge and earn 50 ITC! So in the spirit of giving, were offering this bonus again to help you complete the Challenge! If youve signed up for the italki Language Challenge October 2015  , were giving away even more  ITC to motivate you to succeed!  Do you really want to complete the challenge?  Use peer pressure (in a good way) to help yourself achieve your language learning goal! Life Hacks research has shown that if you put yourself up to something by doing it in public, you follow through because others are watching. Things that you put on the Web have a better chance of getting done! BONUS 50ITC! Upload your Language Challenge Public Video Pledge Make a Public Video Pledge by uploading a video to YouTube or Youku before you begin your first session (or your first few sessions). What should you say in your Public Video Pledge? Youtube video: Youku video: Speak in your native language Tell us why you are taking the italki Challenge and what language you are learning Tell us what you will commit to (e.g. I promise to take at least 3 sessions a week) Tell us your Language Challenge Goal (e.g. Five minute conversation with a co-worker) Speak in the language you are learning Repeat the above in the language you are learning If you can’t say anything, or your language level is at a beginner level then try to say a few words you know in the language or just say you have no ability. Label the video: “(italki username)’s  italki Language Challenge October 2015 Public Pledge” The video should not be longer than 2 minutes in length. Write a Notebook Entry “I’ve made a Public Video Pledge for the italki Language Challenge October 2015” and paste the YouTube/Youku URL. We will immediately award you with 50ITC once you post your notebook entry and we verify the video! Just send us an email to support@italki.com and let us know your username so we can view the Notebook entry with the Public Video Pledge link! If youve signed up for The Challenge and you really want to finish, you should make the Public Video Pledge now!  Youll get paid for it and it will help you complete the Challenge! 2015 October Language Challengers- Make a Public Video Pledge and earn 50 ITC! So in the spirit of giving, were offering this bonus again to help you complete the Challenge! If youve signed up for the italki Language Challenge October 2015  , were giving away even more  ITC to motivate you to succeed!  Do you really want to complete the challenge?  Use peer pressure (in a good way) to help yourself achieve your language learning goal! Life Hacks research has shown that if you put yourself up to something by doing it in public, you follow through because others are watching. Things that you put on the Web have a better chance of getting done! BONUS 50ITC! Upload your Language Challenge Public Video Pledge Make a Public Video Pledge by uploading a video to YouTube or Youku before you begin your first session (or your first few sessions). What should you say in your Public Video Pledge? Youtube video: Youku video: Speak in your native language Tell us why you are taking the italki Challenge and what language you are learning Tell us what you will commit to (e.g. I promise to take at least 3 sessions a week) Tell us your Language Challenge Goal (e.g. Five minute conversation with a co-worker) Speak in the language you are learning Repeat the above in the language you are learning If you can’t say anything, or your language level is at a beginner level then try to say a few words you know in the language or just say you have no ability. Label the video: “(italki username)’s  italki Language Challenge October 2015 Public Pledge” The video should not be longer than 2 minutes in length. Write a Notebook Entry “I’ve made a Public Video Pledge for the italki Language Challenge October 2015” and paste the YouTube/Youku URL. We will immediately award you with 50ITC once you post your notebook entry and we verify the video! Just send us an email to support@italki.com and let us know your username so we can view the Notebook entry with the Public Video Pledge link! If youve signed up for The Challenge and you really want to finish, you should make the Public Video Pledge now!  Youll get paid for it and it will help you complete the Challenge! 2015 October Language Challengers- Make a Public Video Pledge and earn 50 ITC! So in the spirit of giving, were offering this bonus again to help you complete the Challenge! If youve signed up for the italki Language Challenge October 2015  , were giving away even more  ITC to motivate you to succeed!  Do you really want to complete the challenge?  Use peer pressure (in a good way) to help yourself achieve your language learning goal! Life Hacks research has shown that if you put yourself up to something by doing it in public, you follow through because others are watching. Things that you put on the Web have a better chance of getting done! BONUS 50ITC! Upload your Language Challenge Public Video Pledge Make a Public Video Pledge by uploading a video to YouTube or Youku before you begin your first session (or your first few sessions). What should you say in your Public Video Pledge? Youtube video: Youku video: Speak in your native language Tell us why you are taking the italki Challenge and what language you are learning Tell us what you will commit to (e.g. I promise to take at least 3 sessions a week) Tell us your Language Challenge Goal (e.g. Five minute conversation with a co-worker) Speak in the language you are learning Repeat the above in the language you are learning If you can’t say anything, or your language level is at a beginner level then try to say a few words you know in the language or just say you have no ability. Label the video: “(italki username)’s  italki Language Challenge October 2015 Public Pledge” The video should not be longer than 2 minutes in length. Write a Notebook Entry “I’ve made a Public Video Pledge for the italki Language Challenge October 2015” and paste the YouTube/Youku URL. We will immediately award you with 50ITC once you post your notebook entry and we verify the video! Just send us an email to support@italki.com and let us know your username so we can view the Notebook entry with the Public Video Pledge link! If youve signed up for The Challenge and you really want to finish, you should make the Public Video Pledge now!  Youll get paid for it and it will help you complete the Challenge!

What Is Happiness

What Is Happiness Happiness is something everyone wants to have. Its a state of mind when we are satisfied with our life and full of energy. But how can it be reached? One of the universal ways to happiness is an ability to define a purpose and to make all the necessary efforts to reach it. If you need some help in fulfilling all the designed plans you might consider hiring a Tutor. The right tutor can make the difference between winning and losing.

Review of HowToLearn.com Learn How to Deceit, Defraud and Insult

Review of HowToLearn.com Learn How to Deceit, Defraud and Insult Trying to run ads with the educational advertiser HowToLearn.com I came to learn how to deceive, defraud and insult clients. Read on to hear my experience with Pat Wyman, CEO of HowToLearn (to Deceit, Defraud and Insult).com. In March 2014 TutorZ.com approached the educational and learning site HowToLearn.com with a request for advertisement. At this point it looked very promising: HowToLearns focus on learning agrees with the tutoring purpose of TutorZ. The site looks well designed and some articles were quite informative. Moreover, in October 2013 TutorZ had already run a $200 ad for being named HowToLearns Top 101 Best Educational websites. However, I should have been more cautious when HowToLearns CEO Pat Wyman persuaded me to buy an ad package for $5,000.  This package includes expert pages and Wyman highlighted expert  Dr. Kathyring Seiferts presentation which looks indeed promising.  Seifert so Wyman claimed receives most of the her traffic from HowToLearn.  Wyman explained that the participants could expect a doubling in web traffic. What a treat! Double traffic! Or so I thought because  if something sounds too good to be true it probably is.  So be warned when Wyman or any other sales person for that matter makes fantastic promises. In the first week of July 2014 when the expert campaign was running TutorZ received the true numbers: less than one percent (that is 0.88%) more traffic from HowToLearn and that included the already paid traffic from last years Top Educational campaign and a new Best Tutoring sponsorship.    One percent is a far cry from the insinuated doubling in traffic.  To make matters worse, the quality of the traffic was poor also. Visitors clicked on average only 3 times on pages and the bounce rate was a whopping 68%. The table copied from Google Analytics shows this traffic data. Not only the performance data was a let down but also working with Pat Wyman. She promised to aid clients content presentation with advice and work.  In reality working with Wyman was for me a real pain the b due to her ridiculous demands.  For example, emails to her (not customer content) must start in upper case followed by a colon and a reference line or else she would disregard them.  Wyman inundated me with lengthy and confusing instructions on how to submit content. When in her estimate my submission was insufficient she denigrated me by showing how links were to be edited and headlines are to be formatted. While I am certainly no expert in marketing, I am however a web developer who has worked the last 10 years on the web and feel insulted by her condescending teachings. Finally, after painstakingly presenting the information to Wymans demands the links on the web site where still not linked but worded: (link to: www.tutorz.com). In exchange for expert page content with links, named a sponsor, one newsletter campaign and one press release we agreed upon a payment of $5,000. I already paid half ($2,500) in March 2014. TutorZ was named a sponsor of a list of Best Tutoring sites and received a back link. This ad worked quite well actually.  But no other feature was delivered, no newsletters, no press release not even direct links to tutorz.com. Outbound links would link first to HowToLearn and then be redirected to the target site. This practice is bad for SEO and bad for user speed. But when I brought up this topic Wyman did what she can do so well: to inundate me with my-way-or-the-highway prose. Despite all my disappointments with Pat Wyman and HowToLearn I carried on hoping that the expert campaign would still yield some benefit. After all, $2,500 was already sunk. But when Wyman incidentally mentioned that a year later I was supposed to pay another $5,000 I collapsed. I was under the impression the expert pages were permanent just like the previous ads. I felt very much deceived. I could no longer go on with HowToLearn and Pat Wyman. When I asked for at least a partial refund of my $2,500 I heard more of the Wymans now familiar highway talk. Now here I am, having been defrauded, deceived and insulted by HowToLearn  CEO Pat Wyman.  But at least Ive learned to better deal with sales people of her kind: One If promises sound too good to be true, they probably are. Two Setup and contract describing in detail the promised services.   Negotiate a refund if performance marks are not reached. Three Collect references from previous customers. Four Analyse similar ad presentation to spot problems such missing direct links. Five Pay in installments as work progresses; never all in one lump sum. HowToLearn In Summary Pros: Nice looking site. $200 for permanent ads is a reasonable investment. Cons: Risk of being defrauded.  Bad working relationship.  Time waste.  Poor SEO value.

Earn Street Cred by Learning 1 of the 16 Coolest Languages

Earn Street Cred by Learning 1 of the 16 Coolest Languages Earn Street Cred by Learning 1 of the 16 Coolest Languages Being cool aint easy.You have to buy all the latest fashions even if it means theres only room in your budget for a closet-sized apartment.You have no choice but to eat all the latest Instagrammable foods, even if they taste decidedly less beautiful than they look.You have to master the perfect apathetic expression and maintain it in even your most joyous moments.But there is one way to be chic that will give you plenty of street cred without any major drawbacks: learn a cool language.And theres no shortage of cool languages out there. Between the worlds most common languages  and the  most useful languages, youll have a lot to choose from. Among the  languages of Asia  alone, youll have an overwhelming number of super cool options.Dont worry, though. You dont have to search social media to find out which language is the trendiest to learn (in other words, which language Kim Kardashian likes best). Look no further to find out the hippest features of some of the coolest languages arou nd! Why Learn a Cool Language?One thing is clear: Learning a cool language could definitely increase your motivation. Learning a language is largely based on motivation, and goodness knows that people will go to extreme lengths to be cool how else could you explain the popularity of extreme lip injections? And if a language having cool points gives you a little extra motivation, it could actually make that language easier to learn.Plus, if youre studying a cool language, you might have an easier time getting friends in on the act. Learning a language with friends  is not only fun, it can also help keep your learning on track, so getting friends to study with you is tremendously valuable.Finally, learning a cool language can make you stand apart from the crowd. Theres a huge array of  languages spoken in the United States, but learning a cool language can make you a little more unique.Earn Street Cred by Learning 1 of the 16 Coolest Languages1. ArabicOver 315 million people  speak Arabic, making it one of the worlds most widely spoken languages. While regional variations of the language exist, its spoken throughout the Middle East, North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula.What Makes Arabic CoolLike art? Youll love the look of written Arabic! Written Arabic uses a cursive-style font that looks more like artwork than writing. Its so beautiful that you might find yourself scrawling in Arabic on any surface you can even if youve only learned a handful of words.Arabic is written from right to left rather than left to right, making it distinct from many other languages.It has a reputation for being challenging for native English speakers to learn, meaning if you can master the language, youll look super smart.Arabic Learning ResourceLearn101.org  is an excellent free resource that can help you master the basics of Arabic, including the alphabet, basic vocabulary, basic grammar rules and even some phrases. Plus, Learn101.org offers plenty of audio to give you a cleare r idea of pronunciation.2. BasqueAround 500,000 people  speak the Basque language. Most of this population is centered in Basque Country, which is comprised of the Northeastern Spain and a small portion of Western France.What Makes Basque CoolBasque is a language isolate, meaning it has no known existing language relatives.The Basque language is one of Western Europes oldest languages, predating the spread of Indo-European languages such as English, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish.Love a good mystery? Youll love the Basque language. The origins of the unique language are unknown. Even linguistic scholars cant solve the mystery.Basque isnt widely studied, so knowing Basque will set you apart from other language learners. And because its spoken in parts of Spain and France, it pairs nicely with studying the Spanish and/or French language.Learning ResourceEasy Basque  is a YouTube channel that has 13 free videos to teach you the basics of the Basque language. Y oull learn subjects, numbers, common verbs, common adjectives and more.3. ChineseAround 1.3 billion people  speak Chinese, making it the most widely spoken language in the world. That being said, there are many different dialects of Chinese, and not all of them are mutually intelligible. This means speakers of one dialect might not understand speakers of another dialect. However, the most common dialect of Chinese is Mandarin.Chinese is spoken primarily in China, Singapore and Taiwan, but with so many speakers, you can find immigrant populations using the language all around the world.What Makes Chinese CoolGiven how widespread the language is, learning Chinese can help you communicate more easily with a massive population. This can help you on your travels, in school or even in the business world.Chinese uses logograms, which are characters that are meant to represent an entire word or phrase. What other writing systems use logograms? Egyptian hieroglyphs!The writing system for Chi nese has ancient roots. In fact, its thought to have developed starting around 2000 B.C.Chinese is a tonal language, meaning that changing the tone of just one syllable can affect a words meaning.Learning ResourceFluentU is a resource that teaches you Chinese in a fun, authentic way.  FluentU takes real-world videosâ€"like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talksâ€"and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.FluentU is about so much more than videos: You also get access to interactive flashcards and vocab lists, annotated subtitles and personalized quizzes that evolve as you learn. This resource targets all levels of Chinese learners, from novice to nearly-fluent speakers. And theres a free trial!FluentU isnt just for learning Chinese. You can use it to learn several other cool languages on this list, including the following:EnglishFrenchGermanItalianJapaneseKoreanRussianSpanish4. EnglishAround 379 million people speak English as a native language. The E nglish language is most often associated with Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. However, its also common in a huge number of other countries, including Austria, Denmark, Germany, Ghana, India, Malaysia, the Netherlands, the Philippines, Singapore, South Africa and more.What Makes English CoolEnglish is the most widely spoken second language, with over  753 million people speaking it as a non-native language. That means around twice as many people speak English as a second language than people who speak it as a first language.Because its so widely spoken as a second language, speaking English can help you connect with people around the world, even if neither of you speaks the others native language.Hollywood movies and English-language music are popular around the world, so learning English can help you better enjoy popular entertainment options.Learning ResourceLearn English Online offers over 50 free lessons to teach you the basics o f the English language. Lessons include vocabulary, audio, images, examples, tests and more.5. FrenchFrench is spoken by nearly 77 million native speakers. French is most often associated with Canada and France, but its much more widely spoken than that, including significant populations in  Algeria, Belgium, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Congo,  Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Haiti, Italy, Lebanon, Madagascar, Mali, Morocco, Switzerland and more.What Makes French CoolOver 208 million people speak French as a second language, massively expanding the pool of how many people you can communicate with.The French language is often associated with love and romance, so if youre looking to woo someone in a beautiful language, its undoubtedly a good choice.Like food? Who doesnt! Classical French cooking is highly acclaimed and remains popular throughout the world, so learning French can certainly make you seem a lot cooler the next time you go to a high-e nd restaurant.Learning ResourceThe French Experiment offers free online learning materials. Lessons cover fundamentals like counting, asking questions, telling the time, talking about your family and even idioms. Plus, lessons cover important grammar rules, such as possession, articles and making things negative. Lessons contain examples and audio to help you get the hang of things.6. GermanOver 76 million people speak German as a native language, and another 56 million speak it as a second language. While its most widely spoken in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia and Switzerland, it can also be found in a variety of other countries throughout the world.What Makes German CoolGerman is the most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union,  so if you want to travel around Europe, the German language will certainly come in handy.Theres not much variation between dialects in written German, so if you can read German,  you c an probably read German materials from anywhere in the German-speaking world.Sometimes, the longer the word, the cooler it seems. If using long words makes you feel cool, its time to learn German ASAP. German has plenty of lengthy compound words.  Take a look at this one:  Rindfleischetikettierungsüberwachungsaufgabenübertragungsgesetz. In case it isnt already in your daily vocabulary, this 63-letter-long behemoth is the name of a law that regulates beef testing.Learning ResourceDeutsch-Lernen.com  offers 10 free beginner lessons. If you already have some German under your belt, though, you can also enjoy 24 free advanced German lessons.The beginner lessons teach basic syntax, verb forms and vocabulary. They include grammar rules, examples, exercises and a word list.  The advanced lessons are written in German and delve more deeply into grammar.7. HindustaniHindustani is a language from the Indian subcontinent that can also be broken down into two separate languages: Hindi and Urd u. As separate languages, Hindi has 531 million speakers, less than half of whom are native speakers. Urdu has another 109 million speakers, the vast majority of whom speak it as a second language. With these numbers combined, Hindustani is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world.What Makes Hindustani CoolIs it one language or is it two? The uncertainty alone makes it pretty cool. Some argue that Hindi and Urdu are separate languages. Some argue that theyre dialects of the same language. Regardless, if you learn both, it allows you to choose how many languages you claim to speak.Learning Hindustani can help you connect with two distinct cultures. Hindi is most often associated with members of the Hindu faith in India, while  Urdu is more often associated with Pakistani Muslims.Why learn one alphabet when you can learn two? Two separate alphabets means twice the fun!  While much of the vocabulary is shared between Hindi and Urdu, Hindi uses Devanagari script, while Urdu uses a Perso-Arabic alphabet.Learning ResourceBecause of the differences between Hindi and Urdu, theyre usually grouped separately for learning purposes. Thankfully, MyLanguages.org offers both  free lessons for Hindi and free lessons for Urdu.  These lessons cover the alphabets, basic grammar rules and common vocabulary.8. ItalianNearly 68 million people speak Italian, most speaking it as a native language. Its mostly associated with Italy; however, its also fairly common throughout parts of Europe, including countries such as Croatia, France, Malta, Romania and Switzerland.What Makes Italian CoolMusic lovers rejoice! If you play music or sing, chances are that you already know a lot of Italian because many familiar musical terms are actually Italian. Not only will this give you a leg up on picking up vocabulary, but learning Italian will also help you understand the meanings of musical terms in greater depth.The Italian language itself has a musical ring to it,  making it particul arly easy on the ears. But be careful: your friends might keep begging you to speak it to them.Italy is a popular vacation spot,  and speaking Italian can make your trip infinitely cooler. Youll have a much easier time ordering your perfect pasta or selecting the right gelato flavor.Learning ResourceOne World Italiano  offers a nice selection of free learning options, ranging from a beginner through an intermediate level. Courses cover both vocabulary and grammar and feature example conversations complete with audio. One World Italiano also offers a free video course if you prefer the feel of more conventional coursework.9. JapaneseAround 128 million people speak Japanese. Nearly all of those people speak Japanese as a native language and are located in Japan.What Makes Japanese CoolThe world cant get enough of Japanese culture.  Between manga, anime, sushi and innovative products, most people associate Japan with cool things, so if youre learning Japanese, it will inherently seem c ool.Japanese features four  different kinds of characters:  hiragana, katakana, kanji and romaji. If learning one type of script is cool, learning four types has to be cooler.Japanese is another  language isolate,  meaning it doesnt have any living language relatives. Major cool points for uniqueness!Learning ResourceTofugu offers plenty of colorful, free resources to teach you the basics of Japanese. These resources are organized in one master article that links to individual articles to help you master specific skills, such as reading, typing, pronunciation, vocabulary and grammar.10. KoreanAround 77 million people speak Korean. While this population is mostly centered in North Korea and South Korea, nearby countries, including China and Japan, also have notable Korean-speaking populations.What Makes Korean CoolThe origins of the Korean language remain debated. Some say its a language isolate. Others argue that it may be related to Turkish, Mongolian and/or Japanese. So where did the Korean language come from? Learn it and decide for yourself.Learning Korean can also help you enjoy Korean entertainment, which is pretty darn cool in and of itself. People cant get enough K-pop. K-dramas are as bingeable as any American TV shows you love. With so much great Korean entertainment, learning Korean can open up a lot of doors.While Korean has a reputation for being challenging, the alphabet itself was designed to be convenient, giving you the best of both worlds: You can look impressively smart without the challenge of learning more complex characters, like those used in Chinese.Learning ResourceHow to Study Korean  offers more free resources than any perspective Korean student could even dream of. Thats because its lessons are designed to take you from complete beginner to an advanced level. Dozens of lessons cover vocabulary and grammar in detail. Plus, clear audio can help you perfect your pronunciation.11. PortugueseOver 236 million people speak Portuguese, incl uding over 222 million native speakers. Brazil and Portugal are the countries most often associated with the language, but its also widely spoken in Angola, Mozambique and by smaller populations around the world, particularly in regions colonized by the Portuguese.What Makes Portuguese CoolDespite being widely spoken in South America, Portuguese is not as widely studied in the United States as Spanish, making it a unique but useful option.Portuguese pairs well with other Romance languages,  including French, Italian and Spanish. Because they have some similarities, you might have an easier time learning Portuguese alongside any of them, thereby adding an extra language to the total count of languages you speak. Being trilingual is cooler than being bilingual, right?Like soccer and want to impress your friends? Learn Portuguese! Soccer is huge in both Brazil and Portugal, so learning the language will open you up to infinitely more soccer viewing options.Learning ResourceEasyPortugue se  is an excellent free resource thatll set you up with all you need to start learning Portuguese. Lessons range from beginner through intermediate and cover grammar rules, common vocabulary and key phrases you might need to use. Plus, the lessons have audio to help you nail down the pronunciation.12. RussianRussian is spoken by over 265 million people, including nearly 154 million native speakers. While the largest concentration of speakers is in Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia are also home to many speakers.What Makes Russian CoolThe grammar is pretty darn complex, but that also makes it intriguing. There are six cases, sometimes seven. There are three declensions. There are three genders. All in all, thats an awful lot of grammar rules to learn!Sentence structure is flexible, so you can get creative with your word order.  Because cases and conjugations add to the meaning, you dont need to follow one standard word order to be understood.Reading Russian classics in Russian could be one of the coolest accomplishments of your life. Tolstoy. Dostoyevsky. Pushkin. Chekhov. Gogol. These literary titans have one thing in common: They all wrote in Russian. Learning Russian can massively expand your ability to read their literary classics.Learning ResourceLearn Russian for Free is a great go-to source for all sorts of free Russian learning material. It offers organized courses, complete with audio. There are also tons of supplemental learning materials, like vocabulary videos, exercises, music videos, comics and more.13. SpanishNearly 513 million people speak Spanish, making it one of the worlds most widely spoken languages. Over 442 million people speak it as a native language. Spanish is spoken throughout Central America, South America, the Caribbean, Mexico and Spain; however, it can also be found a number of less expected places, including Equatorial Guinea, Morocco and the Philippines.What Makes Spanish CoolIf you live in the United States, speaking Spa nish is a highly marketable job skill.  The United States is home to over 58 million Spanish speakers, including over 43 million native speakers. The widespread nature of the language means that it can be a useful skill across industries.Spanish is phonetic, making it easier to learn than many languages.  Each letter corresponds with a sound, and pronunciation rules are quite consistent, so you wont have to memorize tons of exceptions to rules.Spanish is also unique in that it has a body devoted to the language.  Real Academia Española (Royal Spanish Academy) promotes common, shared language standards in the use of the Spanish language. How many other languages can claim they have their own governing bodies?Learning ResourceStudySpanish.com  has everything a beginning Spanish student could hope for. It features pronunciation tutorials (with audio), grammar lessons, verb drills, vocabulary, cultural notes and more.14. SwedishOver 12 million people speak Swedish, over 9.5 million of whom are native speakers. It should come as no surprise that Swedish is most widely spoken in Sweden. However, Finland is also home to 2.6 million Swedish speakers, most of whom speak it as a second language.What Makes Swedish CoolScandinavia definitely has a cool reputationâ€"both literally and figuratively. But even if snow and freezing temperatures arent your thing, learning Swedish can help you seem cool in the more figurative sense.Learning Swedish can also make you feel super cool the next time you visit Ikea.  After all, knowing a little Swedish will undoubtedly make reading product names much easier.Swedish has a tone/pitch accent, which makes it sound particularly rhythmic, hence the culturally insensitive accent of the Swedish Chef on The Muppets.Learning ResourceLoecsen  is a free online service that teaches you basic Swedish vocabulary and phrases. Each word or phrase is accompanied by an image and audio, making it relatively easy to memorize the vocabulary and perfect t he pronunciation.15. TamilTamil is spoken by nearly 69 million people, most of whom are native speakers. While Tamil is most associated with India and Sri Lanka, there are also speakers in Malaysia, Singapore and South Africa.What Makes Tamil CoolSignificant effort has been made to keep Tamil pure, meaning you wont find a lot of words derived from other languages.  Because most languages borrow heavily from other languages, this is quite unique.Tamil has ancient origins.  Written evidence of the language dates back to the 5th century B.C.The Tamil alphabet was designed to avoid ripping palm leaves.  Palm leaves were once used as writing tablets, so the alphabet is exceptionally curved to avoid any accidents.Learning ResourceLearn101.org offers exceptional free learning materials to get you started with learning Tamil. This includes grammar rules, vocabulary, phrases and even an exam. Plus, the site features tons of audio pronunciations to help you learn the right way to say things.1 6. XhosaOver 19 million people speak Xhosa, though its slightly more common as a second language than a first language. Nearly all speakers are located in South Africa.What Makes Xhosa CoolPerhaps most remarkably, Xhosa features clicks adapted from the Khoisan language, making it sound incredibly unique and challenging.Xhosa borrows from other languages,  too. Some of the vocabulary comes from Afrikaans and English, so you might already recognize some words.Xhosa has plenty of terrific idioms that youll love learning and wish you had in your native tongue.Learning Resourceilanguages.org is a great resource for learning a little Xhosa on your own. The site will introduce you to common vocabulary, basic phrases and grammar rules. Words and phrases are accompanied by audio to help you get the challenging pronunciations down. Flashcards and a quiz can also help reinforce your learning.Studying any of these 16 languages can help you earn instant cool points, all without risking life and limb for the perfect Instagram pic.

Learn About the Chemistry of Matter

Learn About the Chemistry of MatterAleks chemistry is a very interesting subject that involves the experimentations of the chemical reactions in the natural world and the chemistry of matter. Chemistry is a field that deals with all kinds of natural materials that affect or react to one another to create something new. It is an intricate field that focuses on both the creation and analysis of chemistry by placing science behind all branches of scientific research.The world of chemistry is very vast and it deals with the natural elements, chemical reactions, and natural substances. These substances are what most of us know as elements or compounds. In chemistry, there are different types of elements that have properties and their chemical reactions are classified under different chemical groups. There are four basic groupings of chemistry that are all used in scientific research: organic chemistry, thermochemistry, inorganic chemistry, and nuclear chemistry.Hydrogen and oxygen make up what is commonly known as H-O-N and these two are commonly found in water. These elements react with one another by creating molecular bonds and give the different products in chemistry. Hydrogen and oxygen are also present in all the natural forms of matter, however the concentration and type vary. The main types of H-O-N are:Oxygen is a great example of a material that reacts with itself a lot and this is a reaction where one component dissolves into another. When a solution is heated, the molecules of the solution will be forced to combine and dissociate into the different components. By using a microscope to view and identify the reactions involved, it will be easier for scientists to take the right decisions for research and studies on the properties of matter.Oxygen is the only element in the universe that is naturally present, however in modern times, it is created through the use of other elements or compounds like carbon, hydrogen, and others. Most of the scientific resear ch focuses on the production of oxygen by combustion and other process and using atomic force and laboratory equipment. Although the concentration of oxygen is high, the concentration of other elements in the atmosphere is less compared to the concentration of oxygen.Another scientific study in the field of chemistry is the use of laboratory equipment such as x-ray devices and gas chromatography. The use of laboratory equipment has increased over the years and this is because the need for scientific research is getting bigger. Scientists nowadays depend on laboratory equipment in order to understand the properties of these materials and how they react.Most of the time, it is very difficult to understand the properties of natural materials if they are not exposed to the chemical processes that make them up. Using various instruments in a lab environment is highly recommended to use for the study of materials. Therefore, do your research on the materials of which you use every day and be sure to expose yourself to the various materials so that you can understand and appreciate the properties of nature.